54. CEEES-Meeting mit SVU-Fachtagung und Mitgliederversammlung 06. - 08. Oktober 2010 in Interlaken

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Programm SVU Fachtagung, Donnerstag, 07.10.2010

Program CEEES Technical Meeting, Friday, October 08 2010

CEEES Technical Meeting / Abstracts October 8, 2010 Session Chairman: Markus B. Dumelin

Designing Sustainable Products - Using Environmental Engineering as a Tool K.-F. Ziegahn[1], Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Eggenstein, Germany The design of technology based products under the challenges and requirements of a sustainable future require the close interaction between technical demands, market requirements, economical considerations, legal aspects, and environmental care all along a modern product development process. This has to be based on a holistic approach. Typically the various boundary conditions and objectives are seldom in line and even partly contradictory. It is necessary to balance the priorities of product development in a way that at the end the economic success will include the objectives of a sustainable, i.e. durable and long lasting progress of the industrial societies. Environmental Engineering (EE) focuses on the interaction of a product or any object and its immediate environment. It is an engineering tool which refers to the loads from the environment on a product including natural environment as well as technical environment. Reliability and service life will be determined by wear, fatigue and ageing. The relationship between materials, parts, products and their design and lay-out and their intended function requires the consideration of the whole life cycle of the future product. Energy supply and resources supply are important factors. Materials and energy can only be used if they are available respectively their resources are accessible and they are economically competitive. The processing of the materials determines their application potential for the production of parts. Production technology has to be adjusted to new materials (e.g. composites, nano materials, multifunctional materials). Achieving a long service life of renewable energy technologies requires the optimal adaptation to their specific environmental conditions. As a conclusion of this presentation it will be shown that Environmental Engineering is a high-performance method not only for quality and reliability objectives of all kind of products including so called ‘green products’. Beside all safety and warranty aspects less defects, less replacement and finally less waste are contributing essentially to the paradigm of a more sustainable industrial production. [1] Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Phys. Karl-Friedrich Ziegahn, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology KIT, Head of Energy and Environment Programs, President of the German “Gesellschaft für Umweltsimulation e.V.”, Past President of CEEES

Specific Considerations for the Derivation of Test Severities for Tracked Vehicles Def Stan 00-35 Part 5 / Chapter 12-04 D. Richards, Lockheed Martin UK INSYS

Measuring Shock B. Bill, KISTLER Instrumente AG, Winterthur, Switzerland Keywords: shock, pyroshock, piezoelectric shock sensor, piezoresistive shock sensor, undershooting, mounting, electrical connection Shock is a short-term, non repetitive impact with a certain time elapsed. After the impact, dying out vibrations of the structures may follow. Due to their transient properties, the acquisition and analysis of shocks is more difficult compared to vibration measurements. Measuring shock requires specially designed accelerometers capable of surviving numerous high energy, short term events while still providing accurate distortion free signal without ringing, transverse or base strain errors or zero shifts. Piezoelectric and piezoresistive shock accelerometers as well as mechanical mounting and electrical connection will be discussed.

B R E A K

Stabilized Mast on Vehicles and Boats E. A. Zurfluh, Thales Suisse SA, Zurich Stabilized Mast on Vehicles and Boats  A servo-controlled mast on-the-move system is under design to be installed on vehicles and patrol boats. The targeted top loads are optical surveillance systems, light radars and microwave line-of-sight (LOS) communication links. The reference system is based on fiber-optical gyroscopes and a double servo control loop running a 2D linear drive platform to keep the mast in an upright position. Software development took place in a controlled and reproducible environment using a computer controlled motion platform simulating the 6 degrees of outdoor motion.

Product qualification using dust testing U. Teipel / Georg-Simon-Ohm Hochschule, Nürnberg

L U N C H

Dynamic stresses and humidity acting on corrugated boxes - A new experimental approach T. Trost, innventia, Kista-Stockholm     Prediction of the packaging performance using traditional engineering tools based on mathematical modelling is in general demanding since the packaging is subjected to complex time-dependent loadings. To circumvent this problem full-scale testing is an important tool in packaging design. Refined test methods also give important knowledge and support the development of packaging material properties.     To improve the efficiency in packaging design it would be highly desirable to combine testing with modelling and analysis. This will increase the understanding of the performance of the packaging, but also enable development of analytical design methods. Therefore a joint initiative between Innventia and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Department of Solid Mechanics has been initiated where different aspects on the theme “interaction between boxes” will be studied. So far a number of thesis and papers have been published.     The studies done so far have utilised modern measuring techniques in combination with analytical tools, such as a pressure mapping system and an optical 3D speckle system for evaluating the influence of humidity on corrugated. This has been done under different loadings, such as static, dynamic and/or varying humidity conditions. The studies have combined high tech measurement technique with numerical tools such as FE-simulations or analytical calculations using discrete spring-mass models.     The presentation will give a summary of the work done so far, complemented with a discussion on further work with some emphasis on humidity and lifetime aspects.  Keywords: corrugated board, paper board, humidity, vibration, random, sinusoidal, pressure mapping, optical methods, speckle

Influence in different Beginnings of Outdoor-Weathering on Weathering-Results W. Rauth, BayerMaterialScience AG, Leverkusen Siegfried Roessner; ATLAS Material Testing Solutions GmbH; Duisburg Sunlight, moisture, high temperature and cyclic changes of one or more of these factors are the primary forces which cause the deterioration of polymeric materials, an effect which is known as „weathering“. All over the world a wide variety of different climates - such as dry, subtropical, tropical, humid micro-thermal, humid mesothermal, polar - exists, each of which subjects coating materials to deteriorating conditions of varying „harshness“. The subtropical climate of southern Florida is recognized as one global benchmark for natural weathering in a hot and humid environment. The combination of high intensity sunlight and high annual UV dose, high temperatures all year round, abundant rainfall and very high humidity create the harsh climate that makes Miami an ideal location for testing exterior durability of coatings. Nevertheless, the weather in Miami is subject to variation within single years and also from year to year. The present study addresses the question of which influence is the beginning of the outdoor exposure. A further aspect is the question of which influence is the exposure site (Okeechobee vs. Everglades), and the third aspect addresses the question of which influence is the colour of the tested panels (black vs. white).

Time-compressed weathering tests - Simulation of the solar radiation is decisive A. Schönlein, Atlas Material Testing Technology GmbH, Linsengericht-Altenhasslau The natural climate factors should be simulated as well as possible for the laboratory weathering, whereby a time compression is aimed at with simultaneous maximum correlation with the natural weathering. The simulation of the solar radiation is particularly important because the absorption of UV and/or visible radiation initiates photochemical processes. As reliable as possible an irradiance measurement in the UV wavelength range is therefore a decisive factor in weathering tests. The measurement and automatic control of the most important climate factors and the traceable calibration of the used measuring systems is an essential element of laboratory weathering testing. This article gives a short overview of the climate factor of solar radiation. The following aspect will be considered: Implementation of weathering instruments in quality management systems places high demands on the instrument technology and the user. Tests should achieve reliable results if possible which are relevant for practical use. As accurate as possible simulation of the natural solar radiation and the control of the most important climate parameters (UV irradiance, black standard temperature and chamber temperature, relative humidity) are decisive. Sensors for measuring and regulating the climate parameters must be traceably calibrated to national or international standards. A close-to-practice calibration procedure can optimize measuring uncertainties and improve the quality of the calibration. Climate parameters must be measured preferably at sample level and regulated constantly.

"Virtual Product Qualification of Polymer Parts - ViPQuali" - Possibilities and Gaps T. Reichert, Fraunhofer ICT, Pfinztal

Implementation of the new IEC 60068-2-1 and -2 and a conceivable approach U. Grossen*), RUAG Land Systems AG, Thun, Switzerland In the latest editions of the temperature-testing standards of the IEC 60068-2 line, the explicit declaration of wind -direction and speed in the testing chamber is required. As an accredited laboratory, we are bound to apply always the latest standards for the tests to run. In the daily testing practice it is absolutely not easy to respond to these demands. From the side of test-chamber manufacturers, information are rather rare, and from side of test items, conditions vary permanent. Never mind the test rules in the standards, which are not really easy reading literature.  The speech is a trial to show, how this problematic could be approached. For solution orientated, practicable proposals, concerning the application and implementation of these rules, I am always very open. *) Ueli Grossen,               Head of Environmental engineering Laboratory, RUAG Land Systems AG, Board member SVU, Chairman of CES/TK 104 Switzerland